21 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... can be high or low ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm ... sodium low, uric ... uric acid low in ... #Differential #Algorithm ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Algorithm - Utilizing ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Uric Acid - Low ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium #low #uricacid
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Hypertonic Hyponatremia ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria = >3L Urine output / 24 hours
Urine osmolality = 2 (Na
Algorithm Polyuria ... 2 (Na meq/L + K ... solute intake (e.g ... nutrition), Azotemia LOW ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Polyuria ... concentration (e.g ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Urine K+ <13 mEq ... EABV, Low Plasma ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Hypothyroidism, Low ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
Kidney Injury (AKI ... UOP/weights - Urine ... Na/K/Cl/urea/protein ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes