Antibiotic classification refers to the categorization of antibiotics based on their chemical

Rifamycins - Antibiotics Class Overview Include Rifampin, Rifaximin, Rifapentine, Rifabutin. Mechanism: Inhibits bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase (unique mechanism). 1. Rifampin (PO and IV) 2. Rifaximin (PO) #Pharmacology #Antibiotics #Review #Overview #Rifamycins #Rifampin #Rifaximin

Antibiotics - Mechanisms and Sites of Action Inhibit Cell Wall Synthesis or Function - Beta Lactams, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, Polypeptides Inhibit Protein Synthesis 50S subunit - Macrolides, Clindamycin, Linezolid, Streptogramins, Chloramphenicol Inhibit Protein Synthesis 30S Subunit - Aminoglycosides, Tetracyclines, Tigecycline Inhibit Nucleic Acid Synthesis or Function Inhibit DNA Gyrase +/- Topoisomerase IV: Quinolones Inhibits Folate Synthesis: Trimethoprim / Sulfamethoxazole Create Free Radicals: Metronidazole, Nitrofurantoin - Dr. Eric Strong @DrEricStrong - Strong Medicine #Mechanisms #Sites #Action #Pharmacology #Antibiotics #Bacteria

Antibiotic Sensitivities Note that this chart is one of empiric bacterial sensitivities. However, with time antibiotic resistance has become a growing concern...with some bacteria growing resistance to every antibiotic we have! The judicious and correct use of antibiotics prevents this from occurring further in the coming years. Dr. Justin @mdhealthtips #Antibiotic #Sensitivities #pharmacology #antibiogram #management

Typical Recommendations for Antibiotic Duration for Common Bacterial Infections in Adults - Dr. Eric Strong @DrEricStrong - Strong Medicine #Antibiotics #Durations #Bacteria #Typical #OrganSystem #Length #Pharmacology #Infection #Management

SPICE (SPACE) Organisms - Colloquial acronym for gram-negative bacteria that have inducible, chromosomal beta-lactamase genes known as AmpC. - Resistance may not be detectable initially, but appears after a period of exposure to beta-lactam antibiotics - Organisms in this group include: • Serratia • Providencia • "Indole-positive" Proteus species / Acinetobacter • Citrobacter • Enterobacter species - Other organisms in this class include: Acinetobacter, Cronobacter, Edwardsiella, Hafnia, Morganella, and rarely Pseudomonas #Diagnosis #Microbiology #SPICE #SPACE #Bacteria #Organisms #AmpC #Resistance #Antibiotics

Flutycosine - Antibiotics Class Overview - Mechanism: 5-FC interferes with DNA and protein synthesis. Only available PO in the US - Used in combination with Amphoterecin B for initial management of several severe fungal infections: Severe cryptococcal pneumonia and meningitis, severe candidal infections (endocarditis, meningitis) - Virtually never used as monotherapy due to high incidence of primary and acquired resistance (monotherapy reserved for non-severe candida urinary tract infections) - Main adverse effects = Hematologic (Leukopenia and Thrombocytopenia) and Hepatic toxicity. - Drug levels should be monitored to reduce toxicity. #Pharmacology #Antibiotics #Review #Overview #Flutycosine #Antifungal

Clostridium Dificile Risk by Antibiotic Class Pooled and study-specific risk estimates of community-associated CDI risk by antibiotic class. #CDifficile #Infection #Antibiotics #Association #Pharmacology #Class #Risk #Clindamycin #Clostridium #Table #Comparison #OddsRatio #Hierarchy

SGLT2 Inhibitors SGLT2 inhibitors are the newest class of anti-diabetic medications, with the first one (Canagliflozin) being approved in 2013 and the newest one (Ertugliflozin) being approved this year. These work by inhibiting glucose reabsorption in the nephron (kidney), which causes the patient to excrete glucose in the urine. Benefits of these drugs include side effects of weight loss (potentially water weight) and blood pressure lowering. Some people call these drugs "glucoretics", since they are similar to diuretics but for glucose. Side effects include UTI's due to increased glucose excretion in the urine, and patients need to have good kidney function for these drugs to be used. Each is available as a combo product with metformin, and a few others as well! Jarred Prudencio, PharmD - https://www.instagram.com/ambcarerx #SGLT2 #Inhibitors #Pharmacology #Medications #DM2 #Diabetes #Endocrinology

Tigecycline (IV) - Antibiotics Class Overview Mechanism: Glycylcycline class - structurally related to Tetracyclines (bacteriostatic). Only IV. Spectrum: Broad coverage - Gram positive (including MRSA and VRE), Gram negatives, anaerobes, and atypicals. Notable holes in coverage include Pseudomonas, Proteus, and Providencia. Used for: complicated intraabdominal infections, skin/soft tissue infections, and sometimes for pneumonia. #Pharmacology #Antibiotics #Review #Overview #Tigecycline

Protease Inhibitors Protease Inhibitors are a class of commonly used antiretroviral medications for management of HIV. Here's a broad overview. As the name implies, they inhibit the enzyme protease that is responsible for HIV maturation step of the replication cycle. These are always "boosted" with either ritonavir or cobicistat (3A4 INHIBITORS), so there are a ton of drug interactions. PI's can have great efficacy but carry a lot of metabolic side effects such as weight gain, increasing blood sugar and cholesterol. Jarred Prudencio, PharmD - https://www.instagram.com/ambcarerx #Protease #Inhibitors #HIV #Pharmacology