Antibiotic classification refers to the categorization of antibiotics based on their chemical structure, mechanism of action, and spectrum of activity. Antibiotics are drugs that are used to treat bacterial infections by killing or inhibiting the growth of bacteria.
𝐓𝐡𝐞𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐬𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐚𝐥 𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐟𝐲 𝐚𝐧𝐭𝐢𝐛𝐢𝐨𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐬, 𝐛𝐮𝐭 𝐨𝐧𝐞 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐨𝐧 𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐡𝐨𝐝 𝐢𝐬 𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐝 𝐨𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞𝐢𝐫 𝐦𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧. 𝐓𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧 𝐢𝐧𝐜𝐥𝐮𝐝𝐞𝐬:
1. Cell wall synthesis inhibitors: These antibiotics target the bacterial cell wall, which is essential for bacterial growth and survival. Examples of antibiotics in this class include penicillins, cephalosporins, carbapenems, and monobactams.
2. Protein synthesis inhibitors: These antibiotics target the ribosome, which is responsible for synthesizing proteins in bacteria. Examples of antibiotics in this class include macrolides, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol.
3. DNA synthesis inhibitors: These antibiotics target the enzymes responsible for replicating bacterial DNA. Examples of antibiotics in this class include quinolones and metronidazole.
4. RNA synthesis inhibitors: These antibiotics target the enzymes responsible for transcribing bacterial RNA. Rifampin is an example of an antibiotic in this class.
5. Metabolic inhibitors: These antibiotics target the metabolic pathways that bacteria use to synthesize essential molecules. Examples of antibiotics in this class include sulfonamides and trimethoprim.
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