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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Hepatitis B Virus Serology and Interpretation
HBsAg - Anti-HBs - Anti-HBc - HBeAg - Anti-HBe
 - Acute
- Anti-HBe - Acute ... hepatitis B - Chronic ... HBeAg-negative chronic ... viral replication (high ... of cases) - Acute
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis
Acute Inflammation 
 - Laryngitis 
 - Tracheobronchitis 
 - Mycoplasma and
and Hemoptysis Acute ... Bacterial Pneumonias Chronic ... Postnasal Drip - Chronic ... Chemicals, Gases #Chronic ... Differential #Causes #Table
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Mixed* - Inherited carbonic ... proximal features and high ... Acidosis #RTA #types #classification
Complications Following Myocardial Infarction
Heart Failure - Ineffcient pumping of the heart.  Can be acute or
Can be acute or ... chronic. ... Associated with a high
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Torsemide) • Acute ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... #Medications #Table
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... Diarrhea #management #algorithm
Hepatitis B (HBV) Serology

HBsAg - Presence denotes current HBV infection (chronic or acute)
HBV Core Antibody -
HBV infection (chronic ... or acute) HBV ... Anti-HBcAg IgM - acute ... Anti-HBcAg IgG - chronic ... Interpretation #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
transplant - SLE High ... Diabetes mellitus - Acute ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm