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diagnosis differential nephrology hyponatremia acidosis aniongap comparison constipation diabetes diuresis diuretics excretion grandmal high hypokalemia insipidus medications metabolic nongap pharmacology
Generalized Seizures and Pseudoseizures Generalized seizures "are conceptualized as originating as some point within, and rapidly engaging,
general seizure caused ... and metabolic causes ... sedative drugs, uremia ... Pseudoseizures #GrandMal #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Neurology
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
Classification, ... Glucocorticoid deficit - Hypokalemia ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Generalized distal ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hormone secretion Hypervolemia ... renal failure Hypervolemia ... #Causes #nephrology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus: - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia) ... #Types #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... megaloblastic anemia ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia l. Pseudohyperkalemia A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... ), sickle cell anemia ... amyloidosis, sickle cell anemia ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Constipation in Adults Most common - Inadequate fiber or fluid intake - Poor bowel habits Systemic
Causes of Constipation ... - Metabolic: hypokalemia ... , hypercalcemia, ... uremia, porphyria ... - Neurologic:
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