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diagnosis differential physicalexam signs workup laboratory nephrology symptoms adrenal atlas beaus breathing clinical constipation cough crisis diarrhea diseases emergency endocrinology
Chronic Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Red Flags: • Fever, night sweats, chills (infection) • Weight loss,
Chronic Cough - ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... in cough) • Abnormal ... exam, etc) • Abnormal ... #causes
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days) Exclude: 1. Causes of acute diarrhea 2. Lactose intolerance 3.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... Diarrhea #management #algorithm
Commonly Observed Laboratory Findings in Hepatic / Liver Failure - Elevated conjugated and unconjugated bilirubin -
hepatocytes; in chronic ... deficiency - Anemia ... suppression leads to chronic ... anemia; blood loss ... Laboratory #Diagnosis #Testing
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing Normal The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
Abnormalities in ... heart failure, uremia ... asthma, chronic ... Patterns #Pulmonary #Abnormalities ... #Abnormal #Diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cerebral salt wasting ... : • Acute or chronic ... #Causes #nephrology
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Activity of von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease activity - A
TTP - Laboratory Evaluation ... levels - Usually normal ... decrease in most cases ... result in severe anemia ... immune hemolytic anemia
Features of a Sickle Cell Crisis Sickle-cell disease - an autosomal recessive blood disorder. Characterized by red
that adopt an abnormal ... Crises can be precipitated ... with severe pain, lasting ... of the baseline anaemia
Causes of Constipation in Adults Most common - Inadequate fiber or fluid intake - Poor bowel habits Systemic
Causes of Constipation ... hypercalcemia, uremia ... Cholestyramine Structural abnormalities ... Psychogenic - Eating ... #Constipation #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... hypomagnesemia), Eating ... - Diuretics (carbonic ... megaloblastic anemia ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency: • ACTH stimulation test - Synthetic ACTH does not stimulate cortisol secretion because
aldosterone - Low in cases ... secretion; in chronic ... as a result of chronic ... Insufficiency #Evaluation ... laboratory #diagnosis #testing
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