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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table
Clues to Differential Diagnosis of Central Cyanosis: Onset of cyanosis, Clubbing, Secondary erythrocytosis, Auscultation, X-ray, Echocardiography,
Clues to Differential ... Cyanotic heart defect ... #Cyanosis #Differential ... Cardiology #Causes #Table
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
obstruction _ pHA type ... I, type II - ... transplant - SLE High ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #differential
Characteristics of Common Lipid Disorders
Polygenic hypercholesterolemia
Atherogenic dyslipidemia
 • Frequently accompanied by central obesity or diabetes
Familial hypercholesterolemia,
Dysbetalipoproteinemia (type ... diseases #comparison #table ... #defects #diagnosis ... #differential #
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... Epithelial #Inherited #Defects ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Commonly Used Diagnostic Tests for Celiac Disease

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies
 - Most reliable noninvasive test
screening test - High ... or HLA-DQ8 - High ... gold standard - Reflects ... Diagnosis #Workup #Table
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Hereditary defects ... End-stage renal ... #Hyperkalemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Potassium #Classification