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diagnosis differential causes nephrology algorithm hyponatremia aniongap classification diuresis diuretics excretion hypokalemia medications metabolic nongap pharmacology renal workup
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status Hypervolemic hypernatremia - CHF
syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... deficit - Salt-losing ... Vomiting - Diarrhea ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
deficiency, Salt-losing ... with renal tubal acidosis ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Gap Metabolic Acidosis ... Renal failure (acute ... and chronic) Causes ... Diarrhea B. ... Chronic progressive
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days) Exclude: 1. Causes of acute diarrhea 2. Lactose intolerance 3.
Evaluation of Chronic ... Causes of acute ... diarrhea 2. ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... #Diarrhea #management
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
nasogastric suction, Diarrhea ... - Diuretics (carbonic ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Hypomagnesemia, Acute
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