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diagnosis differential vertigo algorithm central acidosis aniongap comparison diuresis excretion findings hyponatremia medications metabolic nongap pharmacology renal symptoms table
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic ... congenital), Thyrotoxic hypokalemic ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #nephrology
Diagnostic Algorithm for Dizziness and Vertigo Peripheral Vertigo: • Attacks: Sudden, severe, can last anywhere from seconds
Algorithm for Dizziness ... and Vertigo Peripheral ... with vascular causes ... positional episodes caused ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... Hyperkalemia ... Drug-induced hyperkalemia ... Potassium-sparing diuretics ... #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... irrigation • Management ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL VERTIGO 1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL ... signs or symptoms ... #Vertigo #Causes ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL VERTIGO • Onset: Sudden • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Characteristics of Peripheral ... Central Vertigo PERIPHERAL ... with vascular causes ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... symptoms #comparison #neurology
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