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diagnosis differential nephrology pharmacology hypomagnesemia acidosis angiotensinii aniongap drugs hypokalemia hypomg low magnesium medications metabolic nongap segments sites table tubules
Nephron Pathophysiology - Diuretic Sites of Action Diuretics 1) Acetazolamide/canagliflozin 2) Osmotic agents (mannitol, urearetics) 3) Loop agents (eg, furosemide) 4)
Nephron Pathophysiology ... of Action Diuretics ... Adenosine #Nephron ... #Pathophysiology ... #Action #nephrology
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
Segments of the Nephron ... and their Functions ... organic acids and bases ... acid and most diuretics ... #Pathophysiology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , nasogastric suction ... thiazide-like diuretics ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Metabolic Acidosis Causes ... and chronic) Causes ... Generalized distal nephron ... Potassium-sparing diuretics
Causes of Hypomagnesemia Redistribution: - IV glucose - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis - IV hyperalimentation - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Nasogastric suction ... Saline or osmotic diuresis ... Drugs: - Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... loss: Nasogastric suction ... Saline or osmotic diuresis ... • Drugs: Loop diuretics ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes
Major Physiological Effects of Angiotensin II Altered Peripheral Resistance I. Direct vasoconstriction II. Enhancement of peripheral noradrenergic neurotransmission: A.
Altered Renal Function ... excretion in distal nephron ... AngiotensinII #Pathophysiology ... #Action
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