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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Differential Diagnosis ... syndrome - Acute ... and chronic kidney ... disease Normovolemic
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome:
 - Acute poststreptococcal 
glomerulonephritis 
 - Rapidly progressive
Glomerular Diseases ... syndrome: - Acute ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Renal failure (acute ... kidney disease ... exchange resins #aniongap ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Radiographic Features of Pulmonary Diseases
 - Pneumonia
 - Atelectasis
 - Emphysema
 - Pneumothorax
 - Effusion
 -
Features of Pulmonary Diseases ... - Nodular - Acute ... Glass Opacity - Chronic ... #Pulmonary #Diseases ... XRay #ChestCT #Differential
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... and/or hypoxia Chronic ... Chronic thromboembolic ... Hypertension #PHTN #Classification ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Epilepsy Seizure Types - Generalized vs Focal

Generalized Seizures
 - Absence seizures 
 - Myoclonic seizures
seizures - Tonic-clonic ... Seizures #Types #Classification ... #Neurology #Differential
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... granulomatous diseases ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... • Inflammatory disease ... #Diagnosis #Acute ... Postrenal #Failure #Differential ... #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... or chronic renal ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Torsemide) • Acute ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology