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Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
Classification, ... Drugs - SIADH Renal ... #Hyponatremia #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Types of Urinary Incontinence
 - Stress Incontinence - The urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient
Types of Urinary ... - Functional ... Incontinence - This is a functional ... #Classification ... #Causes #diagnosis
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
Modalities for Renal ... obstruction - Able ... identify non-calculus causes ... detection with function ... for non-calculus causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... I, type II - ... cell disease - Renal ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #differential #causes
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
Redistribution:
 - IV glucose
 - Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis
 - IV hyperalimentation
 - Refeeding
Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... - Nasogastric suction ... (steatorrhea) Renal ... Hypomagnesemia #Causes ... medications #drugs #pharmacology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... Acquired - Primary renal ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... Diabetes #Insipidus #Classification ... #Types #Nephrology
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... protein receptor type ... activin A receptor type ... mediastinitis, chronic renal ... #Differential #Causes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... Kidney stones caused ... Heart Association class ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Pseudohypoaldosteronism type ... pseudohypoaldosteronism type ... High #Potassium #Classification ... #Causes