Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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differential hyponatremia hypokalemia workup low management kidney potassium syndrome aki sodium acidosis acute microscopy nephrotic glomerular hypomagnesemia metabolic rta treatment
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Algorithm • Confirm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
• Drugs • Pulmonary ... GI losses • Renal ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... #AKI #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Urine ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Nephrotic #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Renal Tubular Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Serum K, Urine pH < 5.5 - Proximal RTA Decreased
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Decreased ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Algorithm - Utilizing ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... High Uric Acid → renal ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 1 Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... much easier to diagnosis ... with direct urine ... #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Kidney Biopsy - Diagnosis Algorithms 1) Normal Glomerulus by LM 2) Glomerular Crescents 3) Double Contours of GBM 4) Endocapillary
Kidney Biopsy - Diagnosis ... Algorithms 1) ... Kidney #Biopsy #renal ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #pathology
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