Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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nephrology causes algorithm comparison hyponatremia management low workup hypokalemia sodium aki potassium discoloration hypomagnesemia kidney metabolic microscopy pulmonary renal treatment
Approach to Hypomagnesemia Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
= (urine magnesium ... x urine creatinine ... Hypomagnesemia #algorithm #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Renal Failure Excessive Mg Administration - Massive PO intake
intake - Magnesium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Magnesium #Table
Magnesium Absorption and Pathophysiology Magnesium Absorption: • absorbed in the GIT — small intestine, Saturable
Magnesium Absorption ... and Pathophysiology ... 5% excreted in urine ... #Absorption #Pathophysiology ... Mg #transport #nephrology
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Syndrome Chronic ... #Bag #Syndrome ... #PUBS #pathophysiology ... clinical #photo #differential ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Diagnosis Algorithm ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... 2-2.5% or 24h Urine ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium
Urine Microscopy Crystals Uric Acid crystals: - Formation promoted by acidic urine - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... in tumor lysis syndrome ... systemic disease Magnesium ... - Diagnostic of ... Crystals #comparison #table
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis Baseline ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Differential #
Hypocalcemia Workup - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Low Magnesium, High Magnesium - Functional Hypoparathyroidism • High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Low Magnesium ... , High Magnesium ... metastases, Hungry bone syndrome ... #nephrology #calcium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential
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