Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis differential nephrology algorithm kidney ultrasound physicalexam video hyponatremia low workup management acute aki hydronephrosis hypomagnesemia metabolic nephrocalcinosis potassium table
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
oral intake Renal ... Nonreabsorbable anions • Renal ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter's syndrome ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Defining the cause ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... • Renal tubular ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial: Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Differential Diagnosis Renal ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... hypomagnesemia Renal ... Hypercalcemia, Post renal ... #nephrology #magnesium
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework Pre-Renal: • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Framework Pre-Renal ... : • Hypovolemia ... Hypercalcemia, Renal ... Medications Intra-Renal ... Autoimmune Post-Renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis Algorithm Syndrome ... Pain/Post-op • Neurologic ... Malignancy True hypovolemia ... GI losses • Renal
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia Hypokalemia - Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment -
Extrarenal Laxatives - Renal ... pump inhibitor - Renal ... Antimicrobials Drug-induced renal ... Fanconi syndrome ... #Causes #hypomg
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
diarrhea / IBD Renal ... Hypercalcemia - Hypokalemia ... - Transient renal ... - Familial renal ... Classification #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urinary sediment, renal ... renal biopsy • ... eosinophiluria, renal ... protein-electrophoresis, renal ... markers • Cardio-renal
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