Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
34.0M 14.0K 7.4K
Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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management differential nephrology aki microscopy clinical kidney urine workup classification hepatology infectiousdiseases kidneyinjury orthopedics stages syndrome syphilis urology alcoholic arteritis
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings • Epithelial cells - Normal • Renal tubular cells - Acute
microscopy • Red cell casts ... • White cell casts ... • Hyaline casts ... disease • Granular casts ... #nephrology #casts
Urine Microscopy - Casts Acellular Casts • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... can be either infectious ... or non-infectious ... interpretation #diagnosis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia Focal Hyporeflexia: • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Polyneuropathy, Acute ... stroke, Acute spinal ... cord injury Generalized ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework Pre-Renal: • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... AIN: Medication, Infection ... #nephrology #causes ... #algorithm
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach to Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... are caused by prerenal ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification Prerenal: • Dehydration • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome) • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... tubular necrosis (causes ... #Kidney #Injury ... Classification #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis HEMODYNAMIC • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Acute Kidney Injury ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Post-infectious ... #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Confirm ... repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... if cause not identified
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... are seen in acute ... 34t5DgJ #Urinary #Casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
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