The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Ketoacidosis (DKA ... Findings • Note: in DKA ... Treating DKA: 1) ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Third Generation Antipsychotics: Mechanisms and Side Effects
(Atypical Anti-Psychotics) Example: Aripiprazole
Dopamine D2 Receptor Partial Agonist
 • Binds
Prevents excess DA ... and deficient DA ... ThirdGeneration #Mechanisms #SideEffects
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
#Macroadenoma #SideEffects ... #endocrinology
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
#Pharmacology #SideEffects
Second Generation Antipsychotics: Mechanisms and Side Effects
(Atypical Anti-Psychotics) - Examples: Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine, Risperidone, Zotepine, Paliperidone,
Block action of DA ... SecondGeneration #Mechanisms #SideEffects
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
#Pharmacology #SideEffects
Anticonvulsants as Mood Stabilizers: Mechanism and Side-effect
Examples: Valproate, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine
 • Mild anticholinergic effect -> Drowsiness
MoodStabilizers #Mechanism #SideEffects
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
pathophysiology #endocin #endocrinology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology
Feedback Loop: Prolactin (PRL)
 • PRL levels exhibit diurnal, menstrual, and age-related variation
 • TRH has
#FeedbackLoop #endocrinology