The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Low Ankle Sprain: Pathomechanics and Clinical Findings

Grading Ligament Sprains
l: Minimal ligament disruption, mild swelling & tenderness,
LowAnkleSprain #Sports ... #MSK #orthopedics
Stress Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Abnormal biomechanics, Repetitive impact activities
=> Repetitive subthreshold mechanical loading
=> Bone strain
=>
StressFractures #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Open Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
Gustilo-Anderson Classification:
 • Type I
   - Wound <
Complications #MSK ... #Orthopedics
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
FemoralHead #Fractures #msk ... signs #symptoms #orthopedics
Menstrual Cycle Physiology: Ovarian Cycle – Brief Overview
LH and FSH are required for follicular development and
ovulation -> LH supports ... #menstruation #endocrinology
Anterior Shoulder Dislocation: Pathogenesis, clinical, and radiographic findings

Trauma, Fall on, outstretched arm, Overhead throwing => Abduction
signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #pathophysiology
Feedback Loop: Growth Hormone (GH)
Growth Hormone:
 • Liver -> GHR activates JAK-STAT pathway -> Incr IGF1
deficiency: - Short ... #FeedbackLoop #endocrinology
Achilles Tendon Rupture - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • The Achilles tendon is 15cm long in
pathophysiology #msk ... #orthopedics
Subtrochanteric Femur Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Subtrochanteric region spans 5 cm distally from the
Femur #Fractures #msk ... #orthopedics #diagnosis
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
signs #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology