The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... Neovascularization #Diabetic ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes ... #ophthalmology ... #pathophysiology
Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
 • Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) -
and Complications ... Grade 2 - Rami fracture ... Grades #Grading #Orthopedics ... MSK #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Femoral Head Fracture: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Posterior hip dislocation -> Impaction force from femoral
Femoral Head Fracture ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... • Non-union of fracture ... msk #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #orthopedics
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Polyol Pathway - Excess glucose enters Polyol pathway ->
Diabetic Foot: Pathogenesis ... neuropathy => Diabetic ... a person with diabetes ... #complications ... #Diabetes
Prader-Willi Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Maternal uniparental disomy: inheriting 2 copies of maternal chromosome
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... Incr Skeletal fractures ... Obesity -> Type 2 diabetes ... Syndrome #genetics #pathophysiology
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
Pathogenesis and Complications ... Diabetes) • Altered ... Incontinence #geriatrics #pathophysiology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #diabetes
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
Immunocompromised, Diabetes ... lower tract: As a complication ... UrinaryTractInfection #UUTI #Pathophysiology
Bulimia Nervosa: Signs and Symptoms
Associated Psychological / Behavioural Features
 • Feelings of shame, guilt and embarrassment
/ Behavioural Features ... Symptoms related to complications ... frequent urination (diabetes ... BulimiaNervosa #pathophysiology ... signs #symptoms #psychiatry
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Hyperprolactinemia • Diabetes ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology