Cough - Diagnostic Schema
Infectious: URTI, LRTI, Bacterial, Viral
Irritant/Exposure: Allergic, Post-infectious, Pneumonitis, ACEi, PTX, Foreign Body
Airway Disease: Asthma, COPD, Sinusitis, Bronchiectasis
Other organ/systemic disease: GERD, Dysphagia, CHF, Autoimmune Vasculitis, ILD
Malignancy: Lung Cancer, Mesothelioma, Metastatic Dz, Malignant effusion
Other: Atypical Infxn (fungal/mycobacterial), Eosinophilic, Habit cough
Nathan Douthit, MD @Ndouthit
#Cough #Diagnosis #Schema #Acute #Chronic #Differential #Algorithm
Dizziness - Central and Peripheral Causes - Differential Diagnosis
Central Causes:
• Cerebrovascular: vertebrobasilar, TIA, Wallenburg, Cerebellar infarction and hemorrhage, Brainstem ischemia
• Inflammation: Meningitis, Cerebellar abscess
• Trauma: cerebellar contusion
• Tumours: CPA, posterior fossa, glomous
• Toxic
• Vestibular Migraine
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Chiari Malformation
Peripheral Causes:
• Meniere’s
• Labyrinthitis
• Acoustic Neuroma
• BPPV
• Vestibular Neuronitis
• Herpes zoster oticus (Ramsay Hunt syndrome)
• Labyrinthine concussion
• Perilymphatic fistula
• Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome
• Cogan's syndrome
• Recurrent vestibulopathy
• Aminoglycoside toxicity
• Otitis media
- Amy Chung, MD, MSc @AmyChung
#Dizziness #Central #Peripheral #Causes #Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Drug Induced Kidney Injury
• Pre-Renal: NSAIDS, CNI, ACEI/ARB, IL-2 therapy, Diuretics CAR-T therapy
• Osmotic injury to tubules: Hetastarch, IVIG( sucrose), Mannitol, Contrast agents
• Crystal Injury: Atazanavir, Quinilones, Methotrexate, Orlistat, Acyclovir, Vitamin C
• Glomerular Disease: Drug induced vasculitis, TMA, FSGS, Membranous GN, MCD
• Interstitial: PPIs, Antibiotics, NSAIDs, Chemotherapy (any), Targeted therapy (any), Immunotherapy
• Toxic tubular injury: Antibiotics, Radio-contrast, Chemotherapy, Targeted therapy, Some examples
- Dr. Kenar Jhaveri @kdjhaveri
#DrugInduced #KidneyInjury #differential #diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology #Medications
Causes of Headache - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary: Tension, Migraine, Cluster
Extracranial: Medications, Sinusitis, TMJ disorder, Cervicogenic, Glaucoma, Giant cell arteritis
Vascular: Hypertension, Stroke, Venous trrombosis, Dissection, Aneurysm, Hemorrhage, Vasculitis, PRES, Moyamoya
Infectious: Meningitis, Encephalitis, Abscess, Septic emboli, Toxoplasmosis
Tumor: Primary, Metastatic disease
CSF: Hydrocephalus, Pseudotumor Cerebri, Low CSF
Other: Trigeminal neuralgia, Post-traumatic
by Lauren Banaszak, MD @LaurenBzak via @uw_IMresidency
#Headache #Differential #Diagnosis #Causes #algorithm
Tachycardia - Differential Diagnosis and Management - Narrow vs Wide, Regular vs Irregular
Narrow - Regular:
Use P waves. Positive deflection not AVRT/AVNRT. Absent p try adenosine. If see flutter p = AFIutter.
• Sinus Tachy. 220-Age, resp variability.
• SVT. 140-280, very regular.
• Atrial Flutter. 150+/-20, 2:1.
Narrow - Irregular:
Use P waves. If can't see Afib. If see P, either Flutter or MAT. If not Flutter P waves, is MAT.
• AFib.
• AFIutter.
• MAT. 3 types of Ps.
Wide - Regular:
Assume VT until proven otherwise.
• Monomorphic VTach. Each beat identical. Rate > 120, QRS > 120.
• DDx: SVT + Aberrancy, HyperK, NaChBlocker.
Wide - Irregular:
• Polymorphic VTach.
• AFib + BBB. Rate rarely >200.
• AFib + Pre-excitation. Rate can be 300! Variable QRS morphology.
• Hyperkalemia
- Dr. Sarah Foohey @SarahFoohey
#Tachycardia #Differential #Diagnosis #Management #cardiology #wide #narrow #algorithm #irregular
Causes of Iron Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
• Blood loss: GI (cancer, ulcer, IBD), GU (cancer), GYN (cancer, menses), Epistaxis, Surgery, Hemodialysis
• Iron loss: Intravascular hemolysis, (PNH, sickle-cell, prosthatic valve), Intensive athletic training, Pulmonary hemosiderosis
• Inadequate intake for needs: Infancy, Adolescence, Pregnancy, Lactation, Low iron diet
MALABSORPTION
• Decreased ferrous iron from achlorhydria: PPI or H2-blocker, H.pylori, Atrophic gastritis, Gastrectomy
• Increased hepcidin: Chronic kidney disease, Heart failure, Cancer/Waldenstroms, Rheumatoid arthritis and other chronic inflammatory conditions, Obesity, Polycythemia vera
• Competitive inhibition with DMT1: Zinc, Manganese, Calcium, Cadmium, Lead
• Structural problem (loss of sites of absorption): Celiac disease, Bypass surgery, Bacterila overgrowth, Hookworm, whipworm
- Dr. Tony Breu @tony_breu
#Iron #Deficiency #Differential #Diagnosis #Causes #Fe #algorithm
