Algorithms in Medicine @MatthewHoMD
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Matthew Ho, MD PhD https://twitter.com/MatthewHoMD
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Upper GI Bleed - Management Algorithm

Upper GI bleed Suspected: Melena, hematemesis, coffee-ground emesis, BRBPR
Initial Stabilization
Concern for
Upper GI Bleed - ... Management Algorithm Upper ... GI bleed Suspected ... EGD Causes of Upper ... MatthewHoMD #Upper
Lower GI Bleed - Management Algorithm

Suspected lower GI bleeding (LGIB):
 • Hematochezia 
 • Melena +
Lower GI Bleed - ... Suspected lower GI ... Unstable (Rule out upper ... GI bleed) vs Stable ... MatthewHoMD #Lower #GI
Lower GI Bleed - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

 • Structural: Diverticulosis, Hemorrhoids, Post-polypectomy, Polyps & malignancy, Anal
Lower GI Bleed - ... MatthewHoMD #Lower #GI
Hypoxemia / Hypoxia - Rapid Response Management Algorithm

Stridor - Upper airway pathology:
 • Anaphylaxis
 • Foreign
Algorithm Stridor - Upper
Dysphagia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Oropharyngeal Dysphagia 
Esophageal Dysphagia 
 • Upper 2/3 (striated muscle): stroke, NMJ
Dysphagia • Upper
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Non-renal losses: • GI
Iron Deficiency Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Labs: Ferritin, iron, transferrin, TIBC, TSAT, sTfR

 • Blood loss:
• Blood loss: GI
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypovolemic (H2O loss): GI
Additional Modalities for Workup of GI Bleed (Other than EGD + Colonoscopy)

Pill endoscopy
 • Able to
for Workup of GI ... MatthewHoMD #GI