71 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... basement membrane disease ... → Diagnostic of ... of glomerular disease ... microscopic and
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... cells on urine microscopy ... with polyangiitis/microscopic ... #Algorithm #Causes
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... fresh at time of microscopy ... - Diagnostic of ... - Any type of renal ... #Atlas #key #diagnosis
Classification of Vasculitis 
Vasculitis of large vessels 
 - Arteritis temporalis (giant-cell arteritis) 
 - Takayasu
small vessels - ANCA-associated ... granulomatosis - microscopic ... drugs, malignomas, and ... Vasculitis #Vessels #Diagnosis ... #Rheumatology #Diagnosis
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
ANA - Non-specific ... La) - Sjogren's syndrome ... Microscopic polyangiitis ... Goodpasture's syndrome ... #diagnosis #table
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... variety of acute and ... chronic kidney diseases ... #Urine #Microscopy ... interpretation #diagnosis
Salmonella Aspiration on Microscopy

66 y/o male with history of coronary artery disease presents with abdominal pain.
Aspiration on Microscopy ... coronary artery disease ... Diagnosis ? ... Is a major cause ... Salmonella #Aspiration #Microscopy
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
ANA (Antinuclear ... • Sjögren syndrome ... connective tissue disease ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... Antineutrophil #antibodies #diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... Disease Associations ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Differential Diagnosis ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... , ANA, Anti-GBM, ... #nephrology #causes