21 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... sediment Microscopic ... sediment by microscopy ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
- Differential ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... variety of acute and chronic ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
, urine microscopy ... osmolarity If cause ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Urine Color - Differential ... vesico-enteral fistula, Chronic ... UTI caused by (Proteus ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Differential
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... acute reversal of chronic ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Chronic Diarrhea - Differential Diagnosis
Osmotic
 • Food/Drink: Lactose intolerance, Artificial sweeteners (e.g. sorbitol, high
Causes of Chronic ... Diarrhea - Differential ... Secretory: • Microscopic ... #Diarrhea #Causes ... #Differential #