13 results
ANA (Antinuclear Antibody) and ANCA (Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies)
 • Systemic lupus erythematosus
   1. Anti-dsDNA
Antibody) and ANCA ... Anti-dsDNA (in 70% of cases ... • Sjögren syndrome ... Vasculitis: • Microscopic ... #antibodies #diagnosis
Autoantibodies and their Disease Associations
ANA - Non-specific; common in SLE, autoimmune hepatitis
Anti-CCP, Rheumatoid factor - RA
Anti-dsDNA
granulomatosis p-ANCA ... Microscopic polyangiitis ... U1-RNP antibody ... disease Endomyseal antibody ... Associations #diseases #diagnosis
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... Pauci-Immune: - ANCA-positive ... polyangiitis, Microscopic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... urine sediment Microscopic ... hematuria: - RBC casts ... → Diagnostic of ... causes #urology #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... dipstick, urine microscopy ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Summary Autoimmune ANCA ... polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... antibody • Urine ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... hematuria, RBC casts
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... polyangiitis /microscopic ... #KidneyInjury #Nephrology
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA)
ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
Antibody refers ... Using fluorescence microscopy ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... Arthritis, Sjögren Syndrome ... #rheumatology #diagnosis