20 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypertensive: • High ... aldosteronism • High ... Al, High R - Secondary ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... >20 mEq/24 h - Diuretics
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
• Lower uric acid ... (ALL) • Acute ... Drug-induced • High ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... Loop and thiazide diuretics
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... excretion • Acute ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Acidosis Causes of High-anion ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... Renal failure (acute ... Potassium-sparing diuretics
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
An acute, life-threatening condition that appears within 7 days of starting cytotoxic therapies in
Lysis Syndrome An acute ... cytotoxic therapies in high-burden ... ) occur in high ... grade lymphoma & Acute ... If uric acid > 10
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia
Acute Hyperkalemia:
 - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... of Acute and Chronic ... Hyperkalemia Acute ... #Algorithm #Management ... #treatment #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... mmol creatinine) High ... Low-normal EABV, High ... piperacillin • High
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
immature blasts and high ... syndrome • Triggers: Diuretics ... - ACS, AKI, acute ... Spontaneous if high ... Elevated uric acid