17 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... diseases, Idiopathic calcitriol ... Hypercalcemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... adenoma • Parathyroid ... prostate (release of calcitriol ... endocrinology #diagnosis ... #differential
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypoparathyroidism • Parathyroid ... Decreased synthesis of calcitriol ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Hypocalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone.)

#Hypocalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis #Differential
Algorithm (PTH = parathyroid ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Differential
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis ... Endocrinology #Differential
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic Algorithm
- GI Losses
- Redistribution
- 1° HPT
- 1° Renal PO4 wasting: Hereditary, TIO, Fanconi Syndrome,
Hypophosphatemia Diagnostic ... Redistribution - 1° HPT ... phosphorus #low #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential
Mechanism of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Abbreviations: 1,25(OH)2D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHrP, PTH-related
lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid ... #Pathophys #Diagnosis ... Mechanism #Frequency #Differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... PTH: • Elevated Calcitriol ... Hypercalcemia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... hyperparathyroidism) Parathyroid ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Mediastinal Mass - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Mediastinal Mass:
 • Thymus (Thymoma, carcinoma, hyperplasia, cyst)
 • Lymphoma
 •
Mediastinal Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Anterior ... Intrathoracic thyroid, Parathyroid ... Mediastinal #Mass #Differential ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary