14 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... adenoma, Parathyroid ... hyperplasia, Parathyroid ... diseases, Idiopathic calcitriol ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... prostate (release of calcitriol ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia ... endocrinology #diagnosis
Hypercalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid hormone–related peptide.)

#Hypercalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia Evaluation ... Algorithm (PTH = parathyroid ... hormone; PTHrp: parathyroid ... #Hypercalcemia # ... Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
metabolism • Hypocalcemia ... Hypoparathyroidism • Parathyroid ... Decreased synthesis of calcitriol ... Signs #Symptoms #Diagnosis
Hypocalcemia Evaluation Algorithm 

(PTH = parathyroid hormone.)

#Hypocalcemia #Evaluation #Algorithm #Diagnosis #Differential
Hypocalcemia Evaluation ... Algorithm (PTH = parathyroid ... #Hypocalcemia #Evaluation ... #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Mechanism of malignancy-associated hypercalcemia. Abbreviations: 1,25(OH)2D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D; NHL, non-Hodgkin lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHrP, PTH-related
malignancy-associated hypercalcemia ... lymphoma; PTH, parathyroid ... #Pathophys #Diagnosis ... #Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Excess Vitamin D/Calcitriol ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Differential Diagnosis ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... PTH: • Elevated Calcitriol ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Parathyroid hormone–dependent ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Neoplasms - Parathyroid ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Hypocalcemia Laboratory ... disorders causing hypocalcemia ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... kidney disease #Hypocalcemia ... Hyperparathyroidism #Diagnosis