10 results
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
High or Normal PTH ... : • Hyperparathyroidism ... Hypercalcemia Low PTH ... diseases, Idiopathic calcitriol ... Workup #nephrology #PTH
Impact and Challenges With Vitamin D to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Calcitriol ... or better than calcitriol ... or better than calcitriol ... VitaminD #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism
Hormonal Regulation of the Blood Calcium concentration

#Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid #Calcitonin #Calcitriol #PTH #Endocrinology #Pathophysiology #Hormones
Calcium #Regulation #Parathyroid ... #Calcitonin #Calcitriol ... #PTH #Endocrinology
Initial treatment of renal bone disease and cinacalcet for secondary hyperparathyroidism
Phosphate binders reduce hyperphosphataemia and hyperparathyroidism.
for secondary hyperparathyroidism ... Calcitriol improves ... hypocalcaemia and hyperparathyroidism ... treatments inhibits PTH ... Sensipar #Cinacalcet #Calcitriol
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
Serum levels of PTH ... hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... activating mutation - Parathyroid ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Hypercalcemia Parathyroid ... structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid ... prostate (release of calcitriol ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Hypomagnesemia (Serum level < 1.7 mg/dL)
Neuromuscular manifestations 
 • Tremor, tetany, seizures 
 • Weakness
Hypocalcemia • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Parathyroid ... Decreased synthesis of calcitriol
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Low Serum Mg: GI losses, Renal losses, Alcoholism, Malnutrition, Drug-Induced
Drug-Induced • Intact PTH ... Elevated - Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... resistance) • Intact PTH ... Inappropriately Normal/Low - Hypoparathyroidism ... Destruction of parathyroid
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Algorithm Elevated PTH ... normal): • Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... Hypercalcemia Low PTH ... : • Elevated Calcitriol
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... and 2A Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism ... long-standing secondary hyperparathyroidism ... Malignancy • PTH-Related ... Excess Vitamin D/Calcitriol