83 results
Indications for Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • All patients with symptomatic PHPT
 • Serum calcium 1
Parathyroidectomy in Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... with symptomatic PHPT ... • Evidence of renal ... #endocrinology ... #management #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
hypocalcemia: - Hypoparathyroidism ... Laboratory #Levels #Hyperparathyroidism ... #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Impact and Challenges With Vitamin D to Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Treat Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Effectively suppresses SHPT ... - Suppresses SHPT ... - Suppresses SHPT ... VitaminD #Secondary #Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Algorithm Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... and 2A Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism ... Renal Failure, Post-Renal ... Immobilization • Adrenal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
hormone–dependent Primary hyperparathyroidism ... type 2A, familial hyperparathyroidism ... hormone–independent Renal ... thyrotoxicosis, adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Endocrinology
Hypocalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Low and High Phosphate
LOW PHOSPHATE
 - Low/NormaI PTH
NormaI PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... Resistance (Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism ... Low PTH • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... Algorithm #Phosphate #endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
structure-related • Primary hyperparathyroidism ... breast, lung, renal ... , adrenal, prostate ... disease • Tertiary hyperparathyroidism ... Hypercalcemia #Causes #endocrinology
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Hyperparathyroidism ... Comparison: • Primary Hyperparathyroidism ... • Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ... @DharSaty #Hyperparathyroidism ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
Hyperphosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift:
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Tumor Lysis
 • Metabolic or Respiratory Acidosis
PO4 < 20%: • Renal ... Disease • Hypoparathyroidism ... • Pseudo-hypoparathyroidism ... Context of Impaired Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasias (MEN syndromes) 

MEN I
• Hyperparathyroidism 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Possible ZE syndrome 
• Various
) MEN I • Hyperparathyroidism ... MEN IIa • Hyperparathyroidism ... #Differential #Endocrinology