20 results
Osborn (J Wave)

Etiology 
• Hypothermia (below 320C / SOOF) 
• Normal variant 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Neurological
Normal variant • Hypercalcemia ... fibrillation Clinical ... JWave #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hypothermia
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
., hypokalemia, ... hypercalcemia), ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Testing #Causes #differential ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
of Polyuria - Differential ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... #Polyuria #Differential ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... • LDH ↑ • Hyperkalemia ... Rhabdomyolysis #Differential ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertension - Differential ... based on repeat clinic ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... heart failure, neurologic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Neurologic disorders
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Reduced Excretion - Differential ... • Low EABV (e.g ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Intercellular Shift - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Transcellular Shift - Appropriate renal excretion (GFR,
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Intercellular Shift - Differential ... • Cell Lysis (e.g ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Imaging Patterns of Toxic and Metabolic Brain Disorders

Thalami, Mammillary Bodies and Tectum: Wernicke Encephalopathy
Dentate Nuclei: Metronidazole,
Brain #Disorders #Clinical ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Neurology