10 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Al, High R - Secondary ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #causes #low #potassium
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Primary ... Drug-induced • High ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... #causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... ) = {Na - (Cl + ... : Causes of High ... or restrictive lung ... #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... of High-anion Gap ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
OTCs, herbals, abx ... - Urine Na/K/Cl ... - CPK, uric acid ... AcuteKidneyInjury #AKI #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
WBC count cause ... febrile, give abx ... Elevated uric acid ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... Syndrome #TLS #diagnosis
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic ... algorithm for hypokalemia ... < 0.7, high urine ... continued in most cases ... #algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Loop Diuretics; High-Ceiling ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused