16 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... Ring fracture, Thrombus ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Heart Disease Pulmonary ... Systolic #Murmurs #Cardiology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... disease Infective endocarditis ... myxoma)/ball valve thrombus ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Syncope - Differential ... Respiratory: • Pulmonary ... Syndrome #Syncope #Cardiology ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Hemoptysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Massive Hemoptysis: >150-300 mL in 24h
Airway disease: 
 • Bronchitis, Bronchiectasis, Malignancy
Goodpasture's, SLE Cardiac ... • Valvular (Mitral ... regurgitation, Tricuspid endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #pulmonary ... #causes
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
Angiography or Cardiac ... - Most Common Cause ... surgery, endocarditis ... Embolism #diagnosis #differential ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Cerebral > Splenic, pulmonary ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
• Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis ... Infarction • Pulmonary ... #cardiology
Cardiac Masses - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 • Myxoma
 • Papillary Fibroelastoma
 • Rhabdomyoma
 • Fibroma
 •
Cardiac Masses - ... Differential Diagnosis ... - Tumefactive mitral ... #Masses #Differential ... #Diagnosis #cardiology
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... Hyperkalemia Pulmonary ... Bradycardia Cardiac ... • Aortic Valve Endocarditis ... #cardiology #BRADI