11 results
Echinostomiasis - Echinostoma Life Cycle
1) Unembroynated eggs passed in feces
2) Embryonated eggs in water
3) Miracidia hatch
Echinostoma #LifeCycle #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... infectiousdiseases #cdc ... #parasite #fluke
Clonorchiasis - Clonorchis sinensis Life Cycle
1) Embryonated eggs passed in feces.
2) Eggs ingested by the snail
sinensis #LifeCycle #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... infectiousdiseases #cdc ... #parasite #fluke
Fasciola hepatica - Liver Fluke Life Cycle - Fascioliasis 
Ruminants are the typical definitive hosts.
1) Unembroynated
hepatica - Liver Fluke ... . 7) Immature flukes ... LiverFluke #LifeCycle #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... infectiousdiseases #cdc
C.diff - Clostridioides Difficile Infection (CDI) - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

Clinical Presentation + Progression:
) - Diagnosis and ... Perforation) Pathophysiology ... despite appropriate treatment ... Treatment Guideline ... #management #treatment
Lymphomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hodgkin Lymphoma ~40% - Characteristic For Reed-Sternberg (RS) Cells
- Differential Diagnosis ... Responsive to Treatment ... Lymphoproliferative #Disorders #Classification ... #pathophysiology ... #Hematology #Diagnosis
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis ... Lung Abscess Pathophysiology ... : • CBC - Leukocytosis ... hemorrhage • Treatment ... residual lesion or is clear
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... →Activation of CD8 ... Auto-amplification loop Diagnosis ... Unknown cause Treatment ... #management #treatment
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
Pathophysiology: ... pneumoniae, proteus Diagnosis ... is needed for diagnosis ... data • Early treatment ... pyelonephritis CMC
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: MRI ... HIV and with low CD4 ... Treatment: • HAART ... treatment • Cognitive
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)

High mortality without prompt recognition and management. HLH is a critical diagnostic consideration in
recognition and treatment ... search for and treatment ... Pathophysiology ... of NK cells and CD8 ... Treatment Approach