11 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential Diagnosis ... Water Central Diabetes ... in kidneys) - Medications ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
- Differential Diagnosis ... depletion - Medication ... disease • Diabetes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Classification #Table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... - Uncontrolled diabetes ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
ATPase Nephrogenic diabetes ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... Medications 2. ... #differential #diagnosis ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Etiology: • Medications ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
- Allergies to medications ... metabolic equivalent able ... Stable patients ... Diabetes regimen ... stratification #diagnosis
Risk Factors for Septic Arthritis
Contiguous spread

Skin infection, cutaneous ulcers

Direct inoculation

Previous intraarticular injection

Prosthetic joint: early and delayed
early and delayed (Table ... Hematogenous spread Diabetes ... Immunosuppressive medication9 ... Prosthetic joint: late (Table ... than 80 years #Diagnosis