11 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology ... #causes #primary
Primary and Secondary Causes of Cardiomyopathy
(a) Primary cardiomyopathies 
 - Genetic 
 - Mixed (genetic/acquired)
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Cardiomyopathy ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... #Differential # ... Causes
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Causes Clinical ... Sarcoidosis, Primary ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #differential # ... cardiology #algorithm
Coronary Artery Embolism - Etiology and Scoring
Etiology:
 • Direct: Clot (LV thrombus, LAA Thrombus), Valve (Vegetation,
- Most Common Cause ... risk factors: cardiomyopathy ... prosthetic valve, PFO, ASD ... cardiac surgery, endocarditis ... scoring #criteria #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... of primary mitral ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Septic Emboli Cause ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Treat underlying cause ... diagnosis #management #cardiology
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy on Echocardiogram - Apical 4 Chamber View

RCM is a disease of diastole —> severe
Though this case ... might look like asd ... An ASD with atria ... echocardiogram #cardiology ... #a4c
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Septic emboli cause ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #cardiology
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
fever: - Fever + ANC ... ANC rising > 500 ... Treat underlying cause ... Lower-extremity weakness, urinary ... interventional radiology
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM)

What is PPCM?
• A form of acute systolic heart failure that develops late in
(PPCM) is caused ... , selenium) Differential ... Rule out other causes ... congestion on a CXR ... #Cardiology #OBGyn