12 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
and Secondary Causes ... Primary (organic) chronic ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Regurgitation #differential
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Bradycardia - Differential ... Endocarditis + ... • Post cardiac/Valve ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes
Causes of Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neoplasm:
• NHL
• Hodgkin's lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Solid
Causes of Fever ... Origin (FUO) - Differential ... • Infectious endocarditis ... UnknownOrigin #FUO #Chronic ... #Differential #
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
Differential Diagnosis ... Acute bacterial endocarditis ... Non-Infectious Causes ... with Relative Bradycardia ... #Patterns #Differential
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Causes of Severe ... Regurgitation - Differential ... Acute Prosthetic Valve ... Injury to Root Chronic ... , Rheumatic Fever
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... Age-related changes, chronic ... disease Infective endocarditis ... atrial myxoma)/ball valve ... #diagnosis #differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Treat underlying cause ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Causes of Primary ... Infective/marantic endocarditis ... Age-related changes, chronic ... valve - Secondary ... #Functional #Differential
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
sclerosis (both heart valve ... disorders - Chronic ... • Infective Endocarditis ... • Mitral Regurgitation ... • Mitral Stenosis
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
and Differential ... involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers ... #Endocarditis #Differential