11 results
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
- Differential ... Warm AIHA • Cold ... Prosthetic heart valves ... Extravascular #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
- Differential ... Agglutination - Cold ... mechanical cardiac valve ... bartonella (oroya fever ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Differential Diagnosis for Hemolytic Anemia
Intrinsic Causes:
 • Enzyme deficiencies ex. G6PD, pyruvate kinase 
 • Hemoglobinopathies
Differential Diagnosis ... for Hemolytic Anemia ... • AIHA: warm, cold ... AS, prosthetic valve ... classification #hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
CAS): - Due to Viral ... - Polyclonal - Viral ... younger pts) Differential ... Symptoms: High fevers ... #anemia #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Decreased Production:
 - Drugs (chemo, yang, sulfa, acetaminophen, NSAIDs, quinine,
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... quinine, etc) - Viral ... - Mechanical: valve ... replacement, endocarditis ... Diagnosis #Framework #hematology
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
DIC/TTP/HUS - Hemolytic ... mountain spotted fever ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... #Diagnosis #hematology ... #nonpalpable #dermatology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology
Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
Anemia, Mechanical valve ... Cell Agglutinate: Cold ... anemia, Paroxysmal cold ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Petechial Rash - Differential ... Red Flags: • Fever ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Microscopic) - Viral ... Algorithm #Causes #dermatology