11 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Leaflet: Rheumatic fever ... • Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... cardiomyopathy - VA Joint ... Regurgitation #differential
Myositis and Myopathies
Polymyositis 
 • Progressive, symmetric muscle weakness 
 • Elevated CK, +Anti-Jo, +Anti-Mi2
Dermatomyositis
Rheumatica • Pain ... , Fever, No muscle ... Detectable HIV viral ... Diffuse muscle pain ... Myopathies #myopathy #differential
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Features of Systemic Lupus ... (SLE) General: Fever ... Pericarditis, Endocarditis ... , Aortic valve lesions ... Abdominal pain
Extra-articular and Other Conditions Associated with Joint Pain

Eyes
  • Iritis or uveitis - Spondyloarthropathies, Sarcoidosis,
Associated with Joint ... Pain Eyes ... Subacute bacterial endocarditis ... - Bacterial endocarditis ... #pain #differential
Approach to Joint Pain - Diagnostic Framework

1) Chronicity
2) Inflammatory vs Non-Inflammatory
3) Number of Joints Involved

1) Chronicity:
Pain - Diagnostic ... acute rheumatic fever ... spondyloarthropathies, lupus ... #Joint #Pain #MSK ... approach #workup #differential
Approach to Joint Pain - Arthritis Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Versus Noninflammatory Pain
 • Is it inflammatory
Differential Diagnosis ... • Rheumatic fever ... Viral Infections ... • Bacterial endocarditis ... #pain #Differential
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD ... Persistent bacteremia/fevers
Top 10 situations when to think about lupus
1) Inflammatory joint pain (especially in the wrists and
) Inflammatory joint ... pain (especially ... the face (many differential ... ; sometimes « viral ... 9) Unexplained fever
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... permanent alopecia Differential ... pain • Swan neck ... • Libman-Sacks endocarditis ... Cytopenias • Cardiac valve
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Petechial Rash - Differential ... Red Flags: • Fever ... lesions • Severe pain ... Schonlein Purpura - Endocarditis ... Autoimmune Vasculitis (lupus