11 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
• Prosthetic valve ... annulus valve: ... Dilated cardiomyopathy ... Regurgitation #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Systolic Murmurs - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Prolapse • Dilated ... • Ebstein's Anomaly ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Atrial Fibrillation on POCUS Echocardiogram (A4C)

35yoF presents with acute onset atrial fibrillation.  POCUS shows dilated
on POCUS Echocardiogram ... (A4C) 35yoF ... POCUS shows dilated ... mitral valve coaptation ... Echocardiogram #A4C
Giant dilated left atrium on Echocardiogram (a4c)
It belongs to a 92-year old lady with a history
(a4c) It belongs ... Mitral valve doesn ... ASD with R/L shunting ... a4c #Echocardiogram ... clinical #cardiology #pocus
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... valve. ... associated with an atrial ... #Anomaly #POCUS ... Echocardiogram #cardiology #a4c
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Involves aortic and mitral ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... night sweats, fever ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... #Endocarditis #diagnosis
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
disease Infective endocarditis ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... myxoma)/ball valve ... stenosis #Causes #diagnosis ... #differential #
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Infective/marantic endocarditis ... plane into left atrium ... valve - Secondary ... Primary #Functional #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology
Negative Contrast Effect in Right Atrium - Differential Diagnosis
1. Small secundum ASD or PFO with left
- Differential ... Diagnosis 1. ... Small secundum ASD ... echocardiogram #s4c ... #pocus #bubble
Causes of Acute Pericarditis:

Infectious;

Viral: 
Adenovirus 
Coxsackie virus A and B 
Echovirus 
Epstein-Barr virus 
Hepatitis 
Human immunodeficiency
Infectious; Viral ... Echovirus Epstein-Barr ... pericardial sac ... #Pericarditis #Differential ... #Diagnosis