12 results
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
renal stones ... retroperitoneal disease ... renal stones IVP ... #Renal #Kidney ... #stones #calculus
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... >2000 mg/day) Cystine ... amino acids in kidney ... stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... Renal Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Disease • ... Abscess - Fever and
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
- Differential Diagnosis ... Intestine - Other causes ... Intestine • Kidney ... Pregnancy - Renal ... duct stricture/Stones
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Vascular Causes ... Ascariasis, Choledochal cyst ... Obstruction: Biliary stone ... • AST/ALT > ALP
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
tubule of the kidney ... Most cases diagnosed ... Malnutrition • Wilson's disease ... ALP -> PPi and Calcium ... : - Renal failure
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
of Kidney Stones ... Hyperoxaluria • Cystine ... Syndrome), Dent's disease ... #Kidney #Stones ... #differential #diagnosis
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Paget’s Disease: ... weaker and more ... Nephrolithiasis (Kidney ... Stones) Cardiac ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Peripelvic Cyst on Renal POCUS
60s f admitted with acute pyelonephritis, CT scan reveals no hydronephrosis/stone/abscess, continues
hydronephrosis/stone ... LFTs normal Diagnosed ... , and left renal ... may be a cause ... #ultrasound
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS)

MGRS
• MGRS refers to kidney disease caused by nephrotoxic monoclonal immunoglobulins
Gammopathy of Renal ... disease caused ... light-chain ratio Diagnostic ... Monoclonal #Gammopathy #Renal ... #Significance #Diagnosis