14 results
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
renal stones ... retroperitoneal disease ... renal stones IVP ... #Renal #Kidney ... #stones #calculus
Types of Renal Calculi

Calcium oxalate
 - Interstitial apatite plaque, Low urine volume, Increased urinary calcium excretion,
Types of Renal Calculi ... >2000 mg/day) Cystine ... amino acids in kidney ... stones #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... • Sepsis • Blood ... • Inflammatory disease ... Urinary calculi ... /phimosis #Diagnosis
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... Renal Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Disease • ... Abscess - Fever and
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... disease, and nephrotic ... disease, and nephrotic ... stones caused by ... Prevention of blood
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
of Kidney Stones ... Hyperoxaluria • Cystine ... Syndrome), Dent's disease ... #Kidney #Stones ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Vascular Causes ... Ascariasis, Choledochal cyst ... Obstruction: Biliary stone ... intestines, white blood
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
tubule of the kidney ... Most cases diagnosed ... Malnutrition • Wilson's disease ... deficiency • blood ... : - Renal failure
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Paget’s Disease: ... Osteoarthritis • Lytic ... weaker and more ... Nephrolithiasis (Kidney ... pathophysiology #diagnosis
Peripelvic Cyst on Renal POCUS
60s f admitted with acute pyelonephritis, CT scan reveals no hydronephrosis/stone/abscess, continues
hydronephrosis/stone ... tenderness UA no blood ... LFTs normal Diagnosed ... , and left renal ... #ultrasound