10 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Mitral Regurgitation
Primary (organic) chronic mitral regurgitation:
 • Leaflet: Rheumatic fever, Infective
Primary and Secondary ... Causes of Mitral ... Ehlers-Danlos), Congenital ... #differential #diagnosis ... #cardiology #causes
Causes of mitral stenosis
Rheumatic heart disease
 - Most common cause worldwide. Commissural fusion, thick MV leaflets
Causes of mitral ... kidney disease Congenital ... vegetations)/tumor (left atrial ... #diagnosis #differential ... #cardiology
Causes of Primary and Functional Mitral Regurgitation (MR) 
Causes of primary mitral regurgitation
 - Rheumatic heart
Mitral Regurgitation ... plane into left atrium ... inferior wall - Congenital ... mitral regurgitation ... #Mitral #Regurgitation
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
Pulse Pressure - Differential ... Physiologic Causes ... Endocarditis • Mitral ... • Mitral Stenosis ... #cardiology
Causes of Severe Aortic Regurgitation - Differential Diagnosis
Acute:
 • Leaflet: Traumatic Rupture, Acute Infective Endocarditis, Acute
Causes of Severe ... - Differential ... Quadricuspid AoV, Congenital ... Aortic Aneurysms and ... #cardiology
Palpitations - Differential Diagnosis Framework

What?
• It is an unpleasant awareness or sensation that the heart is
Palpitations - Differential ... heart failure • Mitral ... stenosis) • Severe mitral ... regurgitation ... #Differential #
Double Orifice Mitral Valve in a young M w/ chest pain. Rare congenital anomaly of subvalvular
Rare congenital ... can result in regurgitation ... sinus venosus ASD ... , PDA, other congenital ... MitralValve #clinical #cardiology
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Prosthetic valve • Congenital ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Marantic (NTBE) Differential ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Differential Diagnosis ... Prosthetic valve • Congenital ... mitral regurgitation ... Libman Sacks) • Atrial ... Paradoxical emboli via ASD
Ebstein Anomaly on Echocardiogram

Ebstein anomaly. The tricuspid valve is ALWAYS more apically displaced than the mitral
displaced than the mitral ... the commonest congenital ... cause of tricuspid ... regurgitation and ... #a4c