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Acid Base Disorders - Formulas for appropriate metabolic and respiratory compensation

- Dr Amith Sreedharan - Consultant
Acid Base Disorders ... for appropriate metabolic ... and respiratory ... Compensation #Formula #Winters ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Phosphate Binders - Pros and Cons

Calcium carbonate (TumsTM) 
 - Most inexpensive, antacid properties useful for
properties useful for reflux ... Magnesium based ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
in size (micro and ... • Epilepsy • Psychiatric ... disorders • Toxic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #neurology ... #differential
Characteristics of Commonly Used Phosphate Binders 
Aluminum 
 - Potent and effective 
 - Useful for
Calcium salt based ... properties useful for reflux ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Table #Comparison ... #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Differentials? ... #AcidBase #disorders ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... bloodgas #Acid #Base
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Spinal Cord Disorders ... - Differential ... Toxic Metabolic: ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... #diagnosis #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
Glycogenolysis, Lipid metabolism ... Mitochondrial disorders ... malignant syndrome • Metabolic ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... fluid/Lactated ringers ... per day until stable ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis
LOCALIZATION:
 • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced
 • Sub-Cortical:
of Myoclonus - Differential ... whipple) TOXIC METABOLIC ... pulmonary), acid-base ... , opioids, psychiatric ... Diagnosis #Causes #neurology