14 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... suggestive of acute ... in a variety of acute ... and chronic kidney ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
repeat testing • Acute ... proteinuria, RBC casts ... → Refer to Nephrology ... to Nephrology if ... cause not identified
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Kidney Injury ( ... require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts ... workup #diagnosis #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... breakdown of cellular casts ... heme-granular casts ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... osmolarity If cause ... signs • Glomerulonephritis ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Galant Reflex on Physical Exam

The Galant reflex is present at birth and remains until the 2nd
Galant Reflex on ... The Galant reflex ... persistent in cases ... clinical #video #Neurology ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Causes of Cystic Renal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign - Anechoic on ultrasound, Well-demarcated on ultrasound/CT,
Causes of Cystic ... Carcinoma - No signs ... Abscess - Fever and ... Cystic #RenalMass #Nephrology ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Lazarus Reflex on Physical Exam

The Lazarus sign is a reflex movement observed in brain-dead or brainstem
The Lazarus sign ... arc and can occur ... reported in some cases ... with the Lazarus sign ... clinical #video #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Syndrome - Summary Acute ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... variants: (1) acute ... management #treatment #neurology
Chagas Disease - American Trypanosomiasis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) is an infectious
infectious disease caused ... weeks incubation Acute ... Romana's sign ... Chronic phase → (lasts ... Tests - check Acute