241 results
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... tubular necrosis (ATN ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... can be either infectious ... or non-infectious
Rapidly Growing Mycobacterial Infections

 • Mycobacterium abscessus - Is the most pathogenic and the most likely
Mycobacterial Infections ... most likely to cause ... It can also cause ... Reported cases associated ... Mycobacterium #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes ... #Differential #
Summary of Infections in which Steroids play a role in treatment
 • TB meningitis
 • TB
Summary of Infections ... pericarditis (select cases ... reconstitution inflammatory syndrome ... (IRIS) (not an infection ... • Ramsay Hunt syndrome
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
cholestasis, and some cases ... eg, spirochetal infections ... , infectious mononucleosis ... #unconjugated #differential ... #causes
Causes of Anterior Uveitis - Differential Diagnosis
Anterior Uveitis - 90% of cases of Uveitis
 • Inflammation
Uveitis - Differential ... Uveitis - 90% of cases ... • Infectious: ... bilateral up to 30% of cases ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Uveitis - Definition, Causes and SUN Classification

Inflammation of the iris, ciliary body, vitreous, retina and/or choroid
Incidence
Incidence : 17-52 cases ... Prevalence : 38-204 cases ... retinal ischemia Causes ... multiple sclerosis Infectious ... Classification #Differential
Causes of Acute Onset Fever - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Viral:
 • Rhinovirus
 • Influenza Virus
 • Parainfluenza
Causes of Acute ... Onset Fever - Differential ... Neuroleptic malignant syndrome ... #Fever #Acute #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... • Hepatorenal syndromes ... Epithelial cell casts ... Obstruction • Cast ... allopurinol, PPI) • Infections
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Kidney Injury AKI - Differential ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... Post-infectious ... Injury/Necrosis (ATN