16 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
, urine microscopy ... , renal ultrasonography ... HIV serology, renal ... eosinophiluria, renal ... biopsy • Abdominal
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
disease - Renal ... of renal disease ... ultrasound; MRA; abdominal ... test (with 24-h urine ... or MRI scan of abdomen
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
UOP/weights - Urine ... protein/Cr - Renal ... - 45% - Pre-renal ... mostly ATN and pre-renal ... #Differential
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Malignant HTN • Renal ... thrombosis • Renal ... Sickle cell) • Renal ... Compression of left renal ... TURP/Biopsy Renal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... GI losses • Renal ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
- Differential ... GI losses • Renal ... • Reduced GFR, AKI ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal ... Hypo-osmolar urine
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... ≥100): SIADH, Renal ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... Present (Uosm <100): Renal ... Hypervolemia with poor renal
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Diabetic acidosis - Renal ... • Chronic renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Primary Adrenal ... aldosterone Causes ... Lung cancer • Renal ... /vomiting • Abdominal ... addisons #disease #endocrinology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... #Casts #Differential ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis