979 results
Benzodiazepines: Mechanism of Action and Side Effects
 • Decr spinal cord activity -> Muscle relaxant
Decr spinal cord activity ... amygdala-centered circuit activity ... cerebral cortex activity ... #Pharmacology #pathophysiology
Osteoporosis: Pathogenesis and risk factors

 • Age > 30 (post-peak bone mass)
 • Post-menopausal women ->
smoking, etoh, decr activity ... #Osteoporosis #pathophysiology
Gaucher Disease 

Pathophsiology
 • Lysosomal storage disorder
 • Deficiency of ß-glucocerebrosidase
• Accumulation of glucosylceramide in macrophages
Diagnosis
Gaucher Disease Pathophsiology ... ß-glucocerebrosidase activity
Medical Conditions Causing Mania or Mania-Like Episodes: Pathogenesis
 • Bipolar Disorder -> Combination of individual, genetic,
Altered Thyroid Activity ... Decreased thyroid activity ... central serotonin activity ... beta-adrenergic receptor activity ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Risk factors for atherosclerosis

Modifiable risk factors:
 - Dyslipidemia (elevated LDL, decreased HDL)
 - Tobacco smoking
 -
lack of physical activity ... for females) #Pathophysiology
Mixing Study
 • Clotting tests can be abnormal due to either a clotting factor deficiency, or
normal factor activity ... 50% of normal activity ... diagnosis #hematology #pathophysiology
Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
cytotoxic cell activity ... #Inflammation #pathophysiology
Melanoma Pathogenesis

Environmental exposure (UV light) + genetic susceptibility (CDKN2A, CDK4, MC1R, BRAF, p16/ARF genes) → accumulation
melanocyte that activate ... #Pathophysiology
The interferon (IFN) signature: what’s the point? How to use it in clinical practice?

Characterizing activity of
Characterizing activity ... understanding of pathophysiology
Lactic Acidosis - Overview and Pathophysiology
Lactic acid is an endogenous substrate for gluconeogenesis, that is constantly
- Overview and Pathophysiology ... with exercise/activity ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology