17 results
Apley Compression Test on Knee Examination

With the patient prone, the knee being tested is flexed to
Apley Compression ... prone, the knee being ... along with the Apley ... PT_yuu_mizu628 #Apley ... #orthopedics #msk
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Drugs Increased potassium ... Diabetic Nephropathy Renin ... Normal, Renin High ... #differential
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #pharmacology #potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - ↑ Renin ... tumor - ↓ Renin ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ... blood volume • ↑ Renin ... artery stenosis, Renin ... hypokalemia #urine #potassium ... #differential #
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Bone Tumors - Differential ... Renal Primary Benign ... Tumors #Tumours #MSK ... #Differential #
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Hypokalemia - Differential ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... #hypokalemia #differential ... causes #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... #causes #low #potassium
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria
Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Urinary Frequency - Differential ... Obstruction: • Benign ... • Diabetes • MS ... Urinary #Frequency #Differential