66 results
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm using Urine Potassium to Creatinine Ratio

#Hypokalemia #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium #Creatinine #Ratio
Hypokalemia Differential ... Algorithm using Urine Potassium ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Potassium ... Creatinine #Ratio #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm
Decreased renal potassium excretion
 • Acute renal failure
 • Chronic renal failure
 • Drugs
Increased
Decreased renal potassium ... Diabetic Nephropathy Renin ... Normal, Renin High ... Diagnosis #algorithm #nephrology ... #potassium #differential
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Increased Intake
 • Reduced Excretion (IV potassium with
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... Excretion (IV potassium ... #Hyperkalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Thyrotoxicosis Medications ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology ... #low #potassium
Diuretics sites of action on the nephron
1) Acetazolamide (carbonic anhydrase inhibitor)
2) Osmotic diuretics (e.g. mannitol)
3) Loop
Metolazone) 5) Potassium-sparing ... #pharmacology #nephrology ... #medications #sites
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Pre-Renal:
 • Hypovolemia, Cardiorenal, Distributive Shock, HRS, Hypercalcemia, Renal
Injury (AKI) - Differential ... Compartment Syndrome, Medications ... Protein) • AIN: Medication ... Kidney #Injury #Differential ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Summary of Diuretic Agents 
Subclass, Drug, Mechanism of Action, Effects, Clinical Applications, Pharmacokinetics, Toxicities, Interaction
CARBONIC ANHYDRASE
Chlorthalidone POTASSIUM-SPARING ... #Diuretics #Medications ... summary #table #nephrology
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
Hyperkalemia • Direct renin ... Aliskiren) • Renin ... #hyperkalemia #differential ... #pharmacology #potassium ... #medications #druginduced
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... Pressure: - ↑ Renin ... tumor - ↓ Renin ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology