12 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... repeat testing • Acute ... • Evidence of glomerular ... if cause not identified
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
- AKI Workup Algorithm ... , Anti-ds-DNA, C3 ... • Interstitial nephritis ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Simplified Approach ... Urinary obstruction, Nephrotoxic ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... cell/white cell casts ... urine sediment ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #syndrome #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... tubular cells - Acute ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... protein indicating acute ... key #diagnosis #nephrology
Algorithmic Approach to Acute Interstitial Nephritis
When to suspect AIN? (not sensitive)
 • AKI, AKD, rapidly progressive
Algorithmic Approach ... to Acute Interstitial ... Nephritis When ... #AIN #Algorithm ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 

24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
disease 24-hour urine ... C3, C4 - Test for ... infections are common causes ... #testing #workup ... #nephritic #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... , UNa < 20 • Nephrotic ... #Causes #nephrology
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN) AKA: Mesangiocapillary GN
 • Active Urine Sediment (dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts, +/- proteinuria)
GN • Active Urine ... dysmorphic RBC, RBC casts ... formation along glomerular ... complement pathway • C3 ... glomerulopathy, radiation nephritis