53 results
Renal Actions of Diuretics

#Diuretics #Sites #Action #Nephron #Pharmacology #Nephrology
Renal Actions of ... Diuretics #Diuretics ... Action #Nephron #Pharmacology ... #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Losses Non-renal ... intake (anorexia, dementia ... • Discontinued diuretic ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics - Pharmacology

Thiazides diuretics:
 • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule
 • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide,
Diuretics - Pharmacology ... Thiazides diuretics ... Metolazone Loop diuretics ... #Pharmacology # ... nephrology #conversion
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
- Differential Diagnosis ... perspiration Renal ... • Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Hypernatremia Classification and Features According to Volume Status
 - Hypervolemic hypernatremia - Cushing's syndrome, Primary hyperaldosteronism,
Hypodipsia - Renal ... , Loop diuretics ... Postobstructive diuresis ... Classification #Features #Diagnosis ... Comparison #Table #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Villous adenoma Renal ... chewing tobacco, Renal ... , Osmotic diuresis ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
- Differential Diagnosis ... Degenerative • Dementia ... Panic Disorder • Conversion ... Provoked #Seizures #Neurology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Pharmacology #
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... mOsm/kg - Implies renal ... , Ingestion Renal ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology